Paper-reinforcing machine



P. T. mcxson, .ln. PAPER REINFORCING MACHINE.

APPLICATION man JUNE 28, 1916..

16, 1920. '5 SHEETS-SHEEP I.

iii- 7 72 3y.

P. T. JACKSON, In. PAPER REINFOBCING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 28, I916.

Q i I I t ji iorvzey;

Patented Mair. 16,1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

P. T. JACKSON, In. PAPER RVEINFORCING MACHINE. APPLICATION mzo JUNE 2a. 1916. 1,333,718.,

P. T. JACKSON, Jn. PAPER' REINFORCING MACHINE. APPLICATION mw' mus 2a, 1916.

Patented Mar. 16, 1920.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

UNITED STATES PATENT onrron.

PATRICK TRACY JACKSON. JR 0F CAM BRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO PAPER PRODUCTS MACHINE COMPANY, 015 BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS. A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS.

rnrnn-nnnwroncme MACHINE.

Patented Mai-.16, 1920.

Application filed June 28, 1916. Serial No. 106.504.

To all whom it may (once/n Be it known that I. PATRICK TRACY JACK- soN. Jr., acitizen of the United States, residing at Cambridge, in the county of Middlesex and State of 'Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Paper-Reinforcing Machines, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like characters on the drawings representing like parts.

The invention to be hereinafter described relates to machines for reinforcing fabrics by applying thereto a series'ofreinforclng elements.

The main difficulty experienced in nia chines of this general type is in the application of the transverse threads to the fabric to be reinforced. Attempts have been made heretofore to provlde a machine for re nforcmg fabrics by taking a threador ser es .of threads from a source'of supply and carrying them transversely of the fabric to be reinforced and then sticking such threads to the fabric surface or inclosi'ng them between two plies of fabric. In these prior attempts, however, it was-necessary to prepare the threads for the reinforcing machine by the usual and various methods employed, such as drawing the fibers to lay them in parallel relation and then spinning the fibers in order that they 'lTld- V beconfined and condensed into the form of a spun thread.

The reinforcing effect of the reinforcingelement. however, is not dependent entirely npon thetensile strength of the spun thread,

but rather to the resistance that the fibers contained in the thread offer to transverse rupture. The presentinventlon, therefore.

contemplates the application to the fabric to be reinforced, of a series of unspun fibers which extend in a general direction transversely of the fabric. either with or without corresponding unspun reinforcing fibers extending longitudinally of the fabric. The term unspun fibers as here employed, is to be understood as meaning fibers which have not been spun or twisted into threads but are more nearly in their naturaluntwisted state. In preparing such fibers for-application to the fabric to be reinforced, they are arranged substantially in parallel relation and then applied to the fabric in such parallel relation extending substantially transversely thereto. This. preparation of the natural fiber in its unspun condition may be carried into elfect by the usual process of Scutching, hackling, drawing, or any or all employed in the preparation of raniie, hemp, sisal, flax, and other forms of fiber wherein the staple; or length of the fiber is greater than in some of the other natural fibers. In *arrying the invention into effect, it'is preferable to employ the fibers of long staple. and while this is the preferred character of,

hesive surface and the fibers in their natural or unspun condition be delivered to the ad liesive surface of the paper extending transversely thereto. In some cases the fabric to be reinforced may be delivered directly from a paper-making machine or a Web of paper previously gummed on one surface may be dampened to render the surface sticky to hold the unspun fibers, or the unspun fibers may be incorporated with the paper, cardboard, or the like during the manufacture.

thereof; and while the invention may be. carried into-effect by placing upon the surface of the .fabric to be reinforced a series of transversely-extending unspun fibers, or incorporating the unspun fibers with the fabric, such as paper, c:-1rd'-boa-rd, or the like, during the manufacture of such fabric the present invention further contemplates that such unspun fibers may be inclosed between two plies of fabric stuck together faceto-face.

In carrying the invention into practical effect, the fibers which have been-previously prepared and arranged in substantially parallel relation in. the usual fiber-preparing machines are fed longitudinally 'to a carrier and their angular position with relation to the feed nioven'ient is changed so that the unspun fibers may be delivered to the fabric or paper material to be reinforced in transverserelation thereto. If desired, other unspun fibers may be simultaneously delivered to 'the fabric to bereinforced, and extend longitudinally thereof. Where the final product consists of two plies or two fab rics stuck together face-to-face, with the reinforcing unspun fibers between, it is usually desirable to force or press the two plies or fabrics into intimate contact after the reinforcing fibers have been delivered in transverse relation thereto, and in order that they may be permanently stuck together, the surface of one or the other, or it. may be of both plies or fabrics, are preferably provided with an adhesive.

The invention may be carried into practical effect by various forms of mechanical devices, one good practical form of which will be hereinafter described in connection with the accompanying drawings and the invention will then be definitely pointed out by the claims.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a fabric or paper reinforclng machine embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side elevation thereof, with parts of the framework broken away;

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal vertical central section on an enlarged scale, taken on the line 33 of Fig. 1, and showing substantially one-half of the present machine;

Fig. l shows a piece of the completed fabric where two plies have been stuck together faceto-face with the reinforcing fibers 'between them extending transversely and longitudinally Fig. is a view similar to Fig. 3 on the line 5-5 of Fig. 1, showing the other half of the machine on an enlarged scale;

Fig. 6 is a cross-section of the machine on the line 66, Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 77 of Fig. 6 showing the detail arrangement of the parts between the runs of the carrier;

Fig. 8 is an end view looking from the right of Fig. 5, certain of the parts being omitted and others broken away;

Fig. 9 shows one form of means for securing the fiber supports to the carrier,

Fig. 10 is a detail on an enlarged scale, showing how the securing means of Fig. 9 is operated; i

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail of the means for securing the fiber supports to the carrier, some of the parts being shown in section; and I Fig. 12 is a further detail showing the means for operating the securing 'meansfor fiber supports. i

The framework of the machine maybe of any usual or desired character. and in the present-instance of the invention. is shown driving shaft 2 adjacent each of as comprising the two side frames 1-l con understood. Mounted in suitable bearings in the machine frame is the driver shaft 2 which may receive motion from any suitable source of power through the feed pulley 3, as indicated in Fig. l. Secured to the the side frames 1 is a Sprocket wheel r. Similarly mounted at the opposite ends of the machine frame on the shaft 5 are the sprocket wheels 6, said sprocket wheels at each end of the frame being connected by the sprocket chains 7. substantially as indicated in Fig. 1. The links of the sprocket chaln 7 rest upon the guides 8 which thereby serve to support both the upper and lower runs of the chain, as will 'be ei'ident from Fig. 6. In order to hold the upper end of the chain upon its guideways 8 under the conditions to be hereinafter described, the I side frames 1 of the machine are provided with inwardly-projecting flanges 9 which overlie the links of the sprocket chain, the constructionbeing such that upon rotative movement being imparted to the sprocket wheels i and 6 through the driving shaft 2, the, sprocket chain 7 will be moved longitudinally of the machine while resting upon its guideways 8. The sprocket chain hereinbefore described comprises one good form of carrier for taking the fibers from a source of supply and delivering them to the fabric or paper to' be reinforced, as will more fully appear; but it is evident of course, that other forms of carriers may be employed as the invention is not restricted in this particular.

Extending transversely of the machine between the sprocket chains 7, are the transverse slats or lags 10. These may be appropriately secured to the sprocket Ch211DS7' and as indicated in the present form of the invention, are connected thereto by the arms 11, Fig. 6, the construction being such that as the sprocket chain 7 or carrier is moved by the driving shaft, the slatsor lags 10 will travel along with the carrier.

As hereinbefore noted, the present invention contemplates the application of unspun fibers in substantially their natural condi'- tion and in parallel relation transversely to the fabric or paper to be reinforced. Such.

fibers are prepared at the present time by various forms of preparing machines and the prepared fibers when they come from the preparing machines, extend in substantially The present invention contemplates'that the fibers thus prepared parallel relation.

fed to themachine in parallel relation lon- I gitudinally they are turned so that they are disposed transversely to the line of feed movement and in this condition are delivered to the fabric to be reinforced. This is an important feature of the present invention and a good form of means for carrying it into practical effect will now be described.

Rising from the side frames 1 are the brackets 12, see Figs. 2 and 3, in which are mounted the fiber-feeding rolls 13 construct ed and arranged to receive the fiber .from a source of supply. In the present instance of the invention the source of supply is not shown, but. delivery of the fiber in longitudinal direction or lengthwise to the feed rolls 13 is indicated by the guide 14 over which said fibers may be moved either by hand or other suitable means. In order that the feed rolls 13 may properly grip and feed the fibers as they aredelivered to the feed rolls lengthwise, one of said feed rolls is mounted in a slotted bearing 15 and a' spring 16 interposed between the shaft of the roll and a cap 17 serves to hold. the feed rolls 13in operative relation.

From the construction thus far described, it will be noted that the unspun natural fibers arranged in parallel relation are taken by the feed rolls 13 and will-be delivered lengthwise of .the fibers "to the carrier beneath. In order that these fibers maybe delivered in transverse relation to the fabric to be reinforced, means are provided by the present invention for changing the position of the fibers relative to the direction of feed,

that is, the fibers are turned after delivery to the carrier so that they extend transversely to or substantially transversely to the line of feed and in this condition are delivered to.

the fabric to be reinforced. Various means may be employed for thus changing the position of the fibers with relation to the direction of feed, and it will be appropriate at this time to describe one ood practical form of means to this end, it being understood that but sufiicientl stiff and rigid to be selfsustaining. he support 18 may be of heavy canvas, for instance, and its self-supporting characteristic may be secured by thin, flexible steel strips extending longitudinally and transversely of the support or canvas 18. Such steel strips are indicated at 19, Fig. 9.

Sufficient rigidity may be imparted to the canvas or support 18 by various other expedients, such, for instance, as a'backing of wire cloth or by impregnation of the canvas 18 with a stifi'eninv compound. These varioiis expedients will readily suggest themselves to those skilled in the art.-

Each of the supports 18, which constitute the means for turning thefibers from longitudinal to a transverse relation with the line of feed. is, in the present instance of the in-, vention, provided with a series of teeth or roughened portions 20 which, when the support passes in position to receive the fibers from the feed rolls 13, are disposed transversely to the line of feed, the construction being such that the unspun fibers themselves will be positively engaged by the teeth or roughened portions .20 and insure the fibers traveling with the support 18. After a series of fibers have been delivered to one of, the supports 18 in a manner to be presently described, said support is turned through an angle of substantiallyninety degrees to the line of feed so that the rows of teeth or roughened portions 20 which are separated 24, Fig. 7, as the carrier and support move past the rack. The rack 24 may be appropriately sustained from the machine frame a by means of the bracket 25. Certain of the lags 10 have extending therefrom near the opposite ends thereof, the plungers 26 connected by a strip 27 which extends substantially the full Width of the support 18. The

- at times to be rotated by a stationary rack number of these strips 27 and the plunger supports 26 may be varied, but in the present illustrated form of the invention four of such supporting strips are indicated. The

- support 18, while rigidly secured to the'shaft 22, .rests loosely upon the supports 27, the

construction being such that should the support 18 be raisedfrom the lags of the carrier on which it normally rests and: the

shaft 22 be rotated, the support 18 Will-be turned and perforce, any fiber sustained by said support will likewise have its position i changed with relation to the line of travel.

Mounted beneath the carrier or sprocket chain and its lags 10 at each side of the delivery rolls13, are means for raising the support 18 from the carrier and turning said support through substantially an an gle of ninety degrees. Since these features are the same at both stations, a description of one will suffice for both. Extending from the side frame 1 of the machine are the brackets 28 provided with the slots 2!) through which extend the pins 30 normally held downward by means of the springs 31 disposed between the block 32 and a stop 33 on the end of the pins 30. Mounted upon the pins 30, one at each side of the machine, is a lifterbar 34, Figs. 3, 5 and 7, the con struction being such that the springs 31- normally hold the lifter bar 31 depressed; EX- tending transversely between the side frames of the machine are the shafts 35, each of which carries a lifter finger Mounted upon one ofthe shafts 35 is an actuator 37 carrying a roll 38 adapted to be engaged by an under surface and shoe or cam 39 projecting downward at each end of one of the lags 10. In order thatv the shafts 35 may rock in unison when the roller 38 engages the projection 39, said shafts each have the downwardly-extending arm 40 connected by the rod 41. A spring 42 connected to one of the arms -10. as at 43 and to a station- ,ary part H", Fig. 3. serves normally to depress the lifter fingers 36, the construction being such that whenthe carrier or sprocket chain. 7 and its connected lags 10 move longitudinally and one of the shoes 3!) engages the roll 38 of the arm 37 the lifter fingers 36 will be turned to lift the lifter bars 3+ beneath which the ends of the fingers 36 are adapted to engage. Similarly, when the shoe or cam projection 39 of the lag 10 passes from the roll 38 of the arm 37, the spring 42 will return' the lifter fingers 3G to their normal position, whereupon the lifter bar 34 will be depressed by its springs 31. The lifter bars 34 at eachside of the machine are of sufiicient width as indicated at Fig. 7 to engage the lower ends of the lifting plungers 26 when the lifter bars 34 themselves are lifted, the construction being such that when one of the cam projections or shoes 39 engages the roller 38 as hereinbefore described, the lifter bars 3+ at each side of the machine will be raised and by engagement with the plungers 26, will raise the support 18 and with it the shaft 22 which passes through one of the lags 10 and carries the pinion-23.

When the support l8.is thus lifted. it is free to be turned without interference with the adjacent supports 18 on the carrier, and to effect this the pinion 23 onthe shaft 22 is raised into cooperative relation with the rack bar 21, Fig. 7, so that as the carrier moves it carries with it the shaft 22 and pinion 23 and the latter,"riding along the rack 24, causes the support 18 to be turned about its supporting strips 27. When the roll 38 which operates the lifter fingers 26, passes from-the cam projection or shoe 39, the support 38 is permitted to assume its initial position upon the carrier and the pinion 23 is lowered out of engagement with the rack 24. v

' ,To insure that the support 18 shall not be turned too far, or too little,in other words, to insure its proper position when turned through ninety degrees, there is,

mounted on the machine frame the guides 44, Figs. 3, 5 and 7, between which passes the square plate 45 secured to the shaft 22, the construction being such that as the carrier moves the support in its line oftravel and the pinion and rack turn the support, the square plate 45 entering between the guides 4a on the machine frame, insures that the-support 18 shall be properly positioned with relation to the adjacent supports on the carrier.

In order that the tops of the supporting strips 27 may remain flush with the tops I section 18 receives the fiber from the source of supply through the feedv rolls 13, the

wire teeth or projections 20 bf the supporting section extend transverselyof the machine substantially as indicated in Fig. 1. Having received a supply of unspun fibers, the supporting section moves with the carrier and then the means for turning the supporting sect-ion comes into play to change the relation of the fibers to the line of feed and carry them in the line of feed while extending transversely to said line. In this condition the fibers are deliverd to the fabric or paper to be reinforced, and these features ofthe invention will now be described in connection with the particular form or embodiment of the invention illustrated in 1, is the laying-down roll a7, best shown in Fig. 3. This roll has a series of projecting portions 18 which extend down between the rows of teeth or projections 20 mounted on each of the supporting sections 18, the construction being such that as the carrier with the supporting section thereon passes the laying-down roll 47, the fibers which have been fed to the support will be forced down into holding contact with the transverse rows of projections or teeth 20. These teeth 20, it may be here noted, are'preferably formed substantially the same as card clothing used in carding machines for carding wool.

Since theindividual pieces of fiber vary in length, the ends thereof will overlap somewhat when they are arranged parallel in the usual preparing machines; in other words, there will be no line of demarcation in the series of fibers transversely thereof, so the present invention contemplates cutting the fibers at the two ends of the supporting sections 18 as they receive from, thesource of supply their load of unspun fibers and driven in timed relation with the traveling carrier such that the cutting edge portion thereof will again perform its cutting action when the other end of the supportingsection 18 passing beneath the laying-down roll l7 has reached the cutting mechanism, the construction beingsuch that each supporting section 18 as it passes the supply station for the unspun fiber, and receives its charge of fiber therefrom, will have such fibers severed at each end of the supporting section so that thereafter such supporting section may be turned to present the fibers in transverse relation to the line of travel.

It has heretofore been noted that the feed rolls 13. the laying-in roll 47 and the cutting roll 49 are driven in appropriate timed relation to perform their respective functions. and as an appropriate means to this end, the. driving shaft 2 has mounted thereon a sprocket wheel 51, Fig. 2, which is operatively connected by the sprocket chain 52 to a sprocket wheel 53 mounted on the shaft 54. The shaft 54 likewise carries a gear or pinion 55 operatively connected to a gear or pinion 56 on the shaft 57 of the cutter roll 49. the construction being such that thecutter roll 49 and its cutting portion 50 are properly operated to sever the fibers transversely of the carrier as hereinbefore The laying-down roll 17 may be a-ppropri-' ately driven by any suitable means, but in the present instance of the-inventiomit-is driven from the cutting roll pinion 56 through an idler 59 and a pinion 60 secured tothe laying-down roll shaft 61. Likewise, the feedingrolls 13 may be appropriately driven by suitable means, but as indicated in Fig. 2 of the drawings, the present invention shows them driven from the same source of power as further described, through the idler 62 and pinion 63 which latter are secured to theprojecting end portions of the feeding rolls -13.

\Vhen a supporting section 18 has re ceived its charge of unspun, fiber from the sourceof supply, and the cutter has severed the ends of tlie fibers extending between the adjacent supporting sections 18. said section 18 now having a series of fibers arranged in parallel relation and extending lengthwise parallel to .the line of feed is carried by the carrier into cooperatlve 'relatlon'with the lifter bar 3* at the right, Fig. 5. The supporting section 18 is lifted a s hereinbefore described, and then as the carrier continues its movement, the supporting section 18 is turned through substantially ninety degrees, whereby the fibers which were before parallel to the line of feed are now-positioned transversely thereto and the supporting section 18 is thereupon lowered into its initia position on the carrier.

It'is desirable to lock the supporting sections upon the carrier in order to maintain the-supporting sections in position upon the carrier as thecarrier moves the supporting sections through its path of travel. "ai'ious means may be devised for securing the supporting sections to the carrier, but in the present instance the said supporting sections are connected to the carrier by means of turn buttons which are so manipulated during the operation of the machine as to hold the supporting sections upon'the. carrier until such time as a supporting section is to be lifted and turned, whereupon the locking devices or turn buttons are, op-

erated to release the supporting section for its lifting and turning buttons.

The rack 10 of the carrier, Where the ends of two supporting sections 18 ad'oin, is provided with tWo locking devices w ich in the present form of the invention, comprise. the turn buttons 64, 65. These turn buttons are adapted to engage the slots 66, 67 in the adjoining ends of two supporting sections 18 as more clearly illustrated by Figs. 9 and 11. In order to operate the turn buttons 64 and 65 at the proper times, the turn buttons 64, 65 have-projecting therefrom the stems 68 and 69, the sten'i 68 being longer than the/stem 69 and each carries a trip arm 70 and 71. In order that the turn buttons 64 and 65 may be operated as the carrier moves in its path of' travel, stops are mounted upon suitable bracketssecured to the machine frame, and such stops are.

arranged at different heights so that one stop may act upon the trip arm 71 without-.

influencing or touching the trip arm 70 of the other turn'button, and.conversely, one stop may act upon the trip arm 70 and be. passed by the trip arm 71 without contact therewith. These stops are indicated best in Figs. 3, 5 and 12. p

.Referring more particularly to Fig. 3 in locking slot 66 in the supporting section 18. Likethe first instance, it will be noted that as the carrierbrings a supporting section 18 into position to be raised and turned preparatory to receiving its charge of unspun fiber, the trip arm 70 of the leading turn button will meet the stop 73 so that the leading turn button will be. moved into unposition with respect to its wise, the trip arm 71 of the shorter turn button will meet its stop' 72 to likewise turn thesaid turn button into inoperative or unlocking position with respect to the slot in the supporting section 18 and the supporting section 18 will thus be unlocked when the parts are. approaching the position indicated in Fig. 3 so that it may now be raised in the manner hereinbefore described and turn through ninety degrees to place the.

tion to the line of feed and then lowered upon the receiver. At this time, it is to be locked to the receiver and there are provided stops similar to those already described. and shown more fully in Fig. 5 to operate the turn buttons and lock the supporting section to the carrier. As illustrated in Fig. 5, when the supportin section 1.8 has been lowered, the trip arm $0 of the longer turn button 7-1 which is now in engagement with the slot 66 of the supporting section. will meet the stop 73 and as the carrier moves forward will cause the tnrn bnttn to be manipulated to lock the supporting section in position on the carrier. larly, the shorter turn button 65 will have its trip arm 71 engaged by the stop 72 to thereby lock the opposite end of the supportingv section 18 to the carrier.

The stops 7 2 and 73 may be appropriately mounted on the machine frame in any suitable manner, but as herein shown, they are carried by the bracket-s28 to. which they are connected as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5 by the arms 75.

The supporting section carrying its load of unspun fiber disposed transversely to the line of travel is now carried toward the delivery part of the machine where-at such fiber is delivered in transverse relation to the fabric or paper to be. reinforced, the fiber during this period being maintained upon the supporting section by engagement with the teeth thereof. I

In the present instance of the invention, the product to be produced is shown by Fig. r to comprise two plies of paper. an upper ply 76 and a lower ply 77, the latter having Simi- .to-face with the unspun fibers between, the latter will extend transversely of and longitudinally to the paper. Obviously, the mvention may be carried into effect by depositing the transverse fibers alone upon the paper to be reinforced and in case thfe'pa'per I is delivered directly from the paper-making machine as it may be in some instances, the fiber will be deposited thereon and held thereto by the plastic condition of the paper itself; but should the'character of paper to be reinforced be in sheet form as illustrated in the present instance of the invention. an desirable to provide the surface of the paper with an adhesive and in case two plies of paper are placed face-to-faccas illustrated in Fig. 1. it ispreferred to have the surface of both plies of paper provided with an adhesive.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the paper strip 80 is taken from a suitable source of supply not shown and passes over a roller 81, the upper face of said paper being preferably provided with an adhesive. Also, 1n the present .form of the invention. another strip of paper 82 cated by the arrow. about a roller 83 and the surface of this paper may likewise be provided with an adheslve, the two plies of paper being brought together between the nip of the rollers 81 and 83, as indicated in Fig. v paper. may be forced together yieldingly, one of the rollers 83 is held yieldingly in its hearing as by means of a spring 84, Fig. 5. a

-Mounted upon the machine frame and preferably disposed above the nip of the two rollers 81 and 83, is a comb 85, Figs. 5 and, 8,, having the teeth 86 which are adapted to pass into the untoothed portion 21 of the supporting section 18 as it passes the location of the comb. the construction being such that the fibers which extend transversely ofthe su1' porting section at this point, will have inserted below them the comb teeth 86 which. upon advancing movement of the carrier.v will detach the unspun fibers and cause them to fall successively downward past the comb onto the adhesive surface of the. paper beneath. The comb may be variously contrived. but in the present form of the invention, it is constructed as a plate pivoted to the machine frame at 87. Fig. 5. and having a weight 88 normally holding the'comb with its teeth 86 extending into the untoothed channel portions 21 of the supporting section 18 as, it. passes the delivery point of the fiber.

, is carried from a source of supply as indi- In order that the two plies of As hereinbefore suggested, it may de: sirable at times to introduce the fibers longitudinally of the fabric as well as transversely thereto, as for instance,; shown in Fig. 4; and in this case. the longitudinallyextending fibers are delivered from a proper source of supply upon a chute 89 or other In order to drive the rolls 81, 83 and the feed rolls 90, the driving shaft 2 has secured thereon the pinion 91, Fig. 2, connected by an idler gear 92 to the pmion 93 mounted on the shaft 94 of the roll 83, Fig. 2. The

pinion 93 is operatively engaged with a similar pinion 95 on the shaft 96 of the roll propriately driven.

81 and rotative movement is transmitted from the pinion 95 to the feed rolls 90 through the idler 97 and the gears 98 carried by the feed rolls 90, the construction being such that upon rotative movement of. the driving shaft 2, the-feed rolls 90 .and the paper-feeding rolls 80 and 83 will be ap- The operation of the Ihachine of the present invention will be clear to those skilled in the art from the description of the construction and operation as hereinbefore set forth but as a general summary of the operation, it may be stated that the fibers in their natural or untwisted condition, that is,

before they are spun together or incorporated with each' other to form individual threads or strains, are delivered from a source of suppl'yr lengthwise or longitudilivery in transverse relation to the fabric or material to be reinforced. In order to effect this relation of the unspun fibers and fabric or material to be reinforced, the present invention has described one good form of means comprising supporting sections,

tudinal movement so that when in raised po- I sition as indicated in Figs. 3 and 5 and. the end of the lifter bars 34 are engaged by a lifter plunger 26 on the following supporting section of the carrier, the said lifter bars 34 may move longitudinally of the lifter plungers 26. When the lifter bars 34: are permitted to drop, however, the ends fall below the lifter'plungers 26 on the adjoining section of the carrier and the bars 34: then return to initial'position under the impulseof their returning springs 99. It will be noted that each of the supporting sections 18 has in' the corner. thereof, the notches 100. These are to receive the heads of the turn buttons when the turn buttons are in inoperative or unlocking position and the supporting section has been turned ninety degrees from the position indicated '6 in'Fig. 9. These notches'simply provide for the reception of the inoperatively-po'sitionedturn button heads when the supporting sections are resting upon the carrier with their teeth 20 extending transversely thereof.

The fabric reinforced in the manner'herespun or natural fibers extending transversely thereof and adhesively secured thereto, either in'duplicate form as indicated byFig. 4 of the drawings or in single ply, is not herein claimed as the same will form the subjectmatter of a separate application which will be filed during the pendency of the present case. 4

While the .primary purpose of the invention as described in connection with one form or arrangement of mechanism for carrying it into practical effect, is to apply transversely of the material to be reinforced, unspun fibers such as hereinbefore defined, certain broad features of the invention may be advantageously employed with other kinds of reinforcing filaments and in certain of the claims hereinafter made, the term reinforcing elements is used to include other than the natural fiber. The terms paper and fabric are also usedin their general sense, and the sticky or adhesive materia may and preferably will be of water-resisting qualities where the intended use of the completed product requires or makes such qualities desirable.

What is claimed is 1. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for prie' senting materialto be reinforced, means for moving a sheet of unspun fibers in substantially parallel relation from a source of supply toward the material to be reinforced, means for dividing the sheet of unspun fibers into 1 sections of a length sub stantially equal to the. width of the material to be reinforced and delivering the transverse relation to said mate- I ing material to be reinforced, means for receiving unspun fibers in sheet or web form from a source of supply and moving such sheet or web of unspun fibers toward tion of the sheet or web of unspun fibers from the source of supply.

3. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for feeding material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers, means for separating a sheet of unspun fiber into sections of a ength substantially equal to the width of the material to be reinforced, "and means for delivering the separated sections of unspun fiber successively in transverse relation to the material to be reinforced.

4. In a machine for prodncing'paper reinforced by unspun fibersarranged in substantially parallel relation transversely of the paper, comprising, in combination, means for feeding'the paper material longitudinally, means for feeding unspun fibers longitudinally from a source of supply, means for receiving the unspun fibers as they are fed longitudinally, means for separating the fibers into sections of a length substantiallylequal to the width of the paper to-be reinforced, means for changing the position of the sections relative to the direction of feed for delivery to the paper transversely thereto, and means for causing the transversely arranged fibers to adhere to the paper. v

5. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for pre senting material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers, means for dividing a mass of unspun fibers into sections, and means for delivering the sections of unspun fiber to the material with the unspun fibers of the sections extending in a general direction transversely of said material.

6. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for pre-' sentm a fabric to be relnforced, and means for ta ing a series of unspun fibers from a source of supply, means for dividing the unspun fibers into sections of a length substantially equal to the width of the fabric to be reinforced, and turning them into transverse relation with and delivering them upon the fabric to be reinforced.

7 In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for feeding material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers, means for receiving a sheet of unspun fibers from a source of supply and moving it toward the material to be reinforced, means for cutting the sheet of unspun fibers'into separate sections, and means for shifting the section's into angular relation with the material to be reinforced prior to the delivery" of the unspun fibers to said material.

8. In a iniachine of the character described, the combination of fabric presentin material to be reinforced, a carrier for ta i ng unspun fibers arranged in substantially parallel relatlon and moving them from a source of supply toward the material to be reinforced, means for dividing the unspun fibers into sections of a length substantially equal to the width of the material to be reinforced While the fibers are under control of the carrier and thereafter delivera ing the sections of unspun fibers to the material in transverse relation thereto.

10. In a machine of the character described. the combination of means for presenting material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers. a carrier having'means for engaging and feeding unspun fibers longitudinally in substantially parallel relation, means for dividing the unspun fibers into section of a length substantially equal to the width of the material to be reinforced, and means for moving the carrier to deliver the separated sections of unspun fibers in transverse relation to the material to be reinforced.

. 11. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for "feeding a fabric to be reinforced, means for delivering to the machine a series of unspun fibers for adhesive application to the surface of said fabric, and mechanism for ,pro-

gressively delivering the series of unspun fibers in transverse relatlon to and upon the surface of the fabric to be re nforced.

12. In a machine for reinforcing fabrics by securing thereto reinforcing elements extending transversely thereof, the combina- 'tion of fabricp'resenting mechanism, means for feeding reinforcing elements lengthwise from a source of supply, means for receiving the reinforcing elements as they are fed lengthwise from the source of supply and changing their position transversely relative to the direction of feed andthereafter delivering the reinforcing elements in substantially parallel relation transversely upon the fabric to be reinforced.

13. In a machine for reinforcing fabrics by adhesively securing thereto reinforcing elements extending transversely thereof, the

combination of mechanism for longitudi nally feeding the fabric to be reinforced, mechanism for longitudinally feeding the reinforcing elements in parallel relation, and means for changing the longitudinal relation of the reinforcing elements -and by adhesively securing thereto reinforcing elements extending transversely thereof, the

combination of mechanism for longitudinally feeding the reinforcing elements in parallel relation, means for changing the longitudinal relation of the reinforcing elements and fabric fcrulelivering the reinforcing elements in parallel relation transversely to the fabric to be reinforced, and means for delivering other reinforcing elements to the fabric longitudinally thereof.

15. In a machine for IQlfifOl'OlIlg fabrics by inclosing between two plies thereof unspun fibers extending transversely, the combination of mechanism for feeding two plies of'fabrie to be superposed one upon the other, means for feeding unspun fibers lengthwise, means for turning the fibers angularly to the direction of feed for delivering in parallel relation transversely of the fabrics to be reinforced, and means for causing the unspun fibers to be inclosed between tlie two plies of fabric. 1

16. A machine for reinforcing paper fabrics by inclosing between two superposed fabrics transversely extending unspun fibers, comprising, in combination, mechanism for feeding two paper fabrics, a carrier having means constructed and arranged to engage and move unspun fibers in substan tially parallel relation transversely to and to be inclosed between said fabrics, and means for adhesively uniting the fabrics face-to-face with the transversely extending fibers between them. v

.17. A machine for reinforcing paper fabrics by inclosing between two superposed fabrics transversely and 'lOIIQItIKlHHIlly ex-- tending unspun fibers, comprising, in combination, means for feeding two paper fab- -rics, means for feeding a sheet of fibers 1n unspun condition in transverse relation tosaid fabrics, means for feeding another sheet of unspun fibers in longitudinal relation to said fabrics, and means for adhesively uniting said fabrics with the unspun fibers between them.

18. In a machine of the character described, the combination of mechanism for presenting-a fabric to be reinforced, means for feeding reinforcin elements length wise, means for severing the reinforcing elements, and means for turning the severed jrelinforcing elements relative to the ma terial to be reinforced and delivering them transversely 1 thereto.

19. In a machine of the character described, the combination of mechanism for presenting a fabric to be reinforced, means for feeding reinforcing elements lengthwise, means for severing the reinforcing ele-,

ments, means for turning the severed reinforcing elements into transverse relation to the feeding movement for delivery to the fabric to be reinforced, and means for de' liverin other reinforcin elements onto said f: brie extending longitudinally thereof. 20. In a machine of the character described, the combination of mechanism for presenting a fabric to be reinforced, a carrier for taking reinforcing elements from a source of supply and delivering them to the fabric to be reinforced, means for feeding reinforcing elementsin substantially parallel' relation lengthwise to the carrier, and

means for shifting the reinforcing elements.

into transverse relation to the carrier "and deliveringthem sidewise to the fabric.

21. In a machine of the character described, the combination of mechanism for presenting a fabric to be reinforced, a carrier for delivering reinforcing elements in parallel relation to said fabric, means for feeding aseriesof reinforcing elements lengthwise to said carrier, cutting means for severing the reinforcing elements from. connection with the source of supply, and means for shifting the series of severed reinforcing elements into transverserelation to the line of feed for deliveryto the fabric in transverse position relative thereto. 22. In a machine of the character described,- the combination of mechanism for presenting fabric to be reinforced, a carrier for delivering reinforcing elements in parallel relation to said fabric, means for feeding a series of reinforcing elements lengthwise to said carrier, cutting means for severing the reinforcing elements from connection with the source of supply, means for shifting the series of severed reinforcing elements into transverse relation to the line of feed for delivery tothe fabric in transverse position relative thereto, and means for detaching the'reinforcing elements from the carrier.

.23. In a machine of the character described, the combination of mechanism for feeding two fabrics having sticky surfaces into superposed relation, a carrier for delivering reinforcing elements to the fabrics before they are superposed, means for feeding a series of reinforcing elements length.- wise to the carrier, means for severing the series of reinforcing elements on the carrier from connection with the source of supply, and means for shifting the series of reinforcing elements into substantially transverse relation with the line of feed after they have been severed.

24. In a machine of the Characterdescribed, the combination of fabric presenting mechanism, a carrier having means for taking a series of reinforcing elements lengthwise from a source of supply and turning them into sidewise relation to the line of feed, and means for causing the reinforcing elements to be delivered sidewise in transverse relation to the fabric to be reinforced.

25. In a machine of the character described, the combination of fabric presenting mechanism, a carrier, a series of supporting sections movable with and at times independently of the carrier, means for delivering reinforcing elementslengthwise to the sections, and means for movin the sections independently of the carrier for shifting the reinforcing element into transverse relation to the carrier for delivery to the fabric transversely thereto. 7

26.In a machine of the character dc: scribed, the combination of fabric presenting mechanism,a carrier, a series of supporting sections movable with and at tunes mdependently of the carrier, means for delivering reinforcing'elements lengthwise to thesections, means for severing the reinforcing elements on a section from con nection with other reinforcing elements, and means; for moving the sections independently of the carrier for. shifting the reinforcing elements into transverse relation to the carrier for delivery to the fabric trans-- versely thereto.

27. In a machine of the character described, mechanism for presenting a fabric to be reinforced, an endless carrier having a series of supporting sections, means for delivering reinforcing elements lengthwise to the supporting sections, means for severing the remforcingelements on one section from connection with another section, and means for turning the sections substantially ninety degrees to present the reinforcing elements transversely to the fabric to be reinforced.

28. In a machine for reinforcing'paper,'

the combination of paper presenting mechanism for presenting twov plies or webs of paper having a sticky surface in superposed relation, a carrier for delivering unspun fibers to the plies or webs of paper before they are superposed, means for feeding the unspun fibers lengthwise to the carrier, means for shifting the fibers into transverse relation with the carrier, and there after delivering the unspun fibers sidewise in succession between the plies'or webs of paper.

29. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for feed-- ing material to be reinforced, a carrier havmg means for engagm and moving a sheetlike mass ofunspun fi ers longitudinally in substantially parallel relation, means for cut- 1 ti the. sheet of unspun fibers into sections while on the carrier, means for moving the sections of unspun fiber toward the material to be reinforced, and means for freeing the sections of unspun fibers from the carrier ing and deliveringthem in transverse relation to the material.

30. A machine of the character described, comprising, in combination, means for feeding material to be reinforced by transversely extending. unspun fibers, means for receiving unspun fibers from a source of supply having devices to support the unspun fibers in substantially parallel relation and means for actuating the receiv ng means and said devices to deliver the unspun fibers in substantially parallel relation transversely of the material.

31. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for pre senting material to be reinforced, a carrier having flexible portions for receiving unspun fibers from a source of supply and moving the unspun fibers longitudinally, and means for changin the path of movement of the flexible portions of the carrier to deliver the unspun fibers transversely to the material to be reinforced.

32. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for pre senting material to be reinforced, a carrier having flexible portions for receiving unspun fibers from a source of suppl and moving the unspun fibers longitudinally, means for cutting the unspun fibers into sections, and means for changing the path of movement of v the flexible portions of the carrier to deliver the unspun fibers transversely to the material to be reinforced.

In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for presenting material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers, means for simultaneously delivering in the form of a sheet or web a plurality of unspun fibers arranged in substantially parallel relation transversely to the material to be reinforced, and actuating mechanism for said means.

34. In a machine of the character described, the combination of means for pre-' senting material to be reinforced by transversely extending unspun fibers, means for supporting a plurality of unspun fibers in parallel relation and moving. them in a longitudinal direction, means for changing the path of movement'of said supporting means to deliver a plurality of unspun fibers simultaneously in transverse relation to the material to be reinforced.

35. In a -machine of the character described, the eombination of means for feedmaterial to be reinforced, means for feeding into the machine a sheet or web of unspun fibers in substantially parallel 're lation, and means for chan 'ng the direction of said fibers and then app ying the same to the material to be reinforc In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this. specification. I

PATRICK: TRACY JACKSON, 31;, 

